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Yemen’s opposition on Sunday accused outgoing President Ali Abdullah Saleh of trying to torpedo a power transfer deal by sparking a new crisis, as troops loyal to him clashed with opposition forces, killing three.

The violence was evidence that the president’s signature on a power transfer deal has not ended months of turmoil that have benefited al-Qaida-linked militants.

Sunday’s clashes followed Saleh’s decision not to leave the country, a move likely to embolden his relatives, who control key security posts.

His opponents demand the removal of all of Saleh’s relatives from top security positions. Huge crowds of protesters have called for Saleh himself to be put on trial for the killing of hundreds of protesters, though the power transfer deal gives him immunity from prosecution.

Vice President Abed Rabbo Mansour Hadi told his new national unity government on Sunday, in their first official session, that the power transfer agreement, engineered by Yemen’s powerful Gulf Arab neighbors, must be implemented soon.

“We need to move vigorously and effectively to implement the Gulf initiative and its mechanisms,” he said.

The new government’s first task is to push through the law shielding Saleh from prosecution for alleged corruption and for violence against protesters. Saleh made that a condition for signing the deal to relinquish power after 33 years of rule over the Arab world’s poorest nation.

Yet more than a month after Saleh signed, and after the possibility of his flying to the U.S. was raised, Saleh is still in Yemen, still wielding significant power and showing few, if any, signs of giving in.

Ten months of mass protests and armed clashes between forces loyal to Saleh and his opponents, including army units that followed powerful tribal leaders siding with the opposition, have left a power vacuum. The Yemen branch of al-Qaida, considered one of the world’s most dangerous, has taken advantage of that to dig in to positions in the country’s south, taking over towns and villages.

Yemen’s military fights frequent battles with the Islamist militants but has failed to dislodge them no checking account payday advance.

In the latest skirmish between Saleh backers and opponents, anti-government tribesmen in el-Fardha Nehem region, about 50 miles (80 kilometers) northeast of the capital Sanaa, said two people were killed and two others wounded when Saleh’s Republican Guards, led by his son, shelled their homes.

Opposition spokesman Mohamed Sabri accused Saleh of undercutting security as a way of arguing that he must stay in power.

“This man does not respect his commitments with others,” Sabri said. “Saleh is creating a new crisis.”

In the capital, a civilian bystander was killed when Republican Guard troops clashed with supporters of tribal chief Sadeq al-Ahmar, who was once a regime ally, but defected to the opposition in March, activists said.

Supporters of al-Ahmar and Saleh’s troops exchanged fire in Sanaa’s northern district of Hassaba, according to a security official and witnesses, resulting in the death of the bystander. The official spoke on condition of anonymity because he was not authorized to release the information.

The fighting Sunday ended after the vice president held talks with both sides. He was also able to quell violence in el-Fardha Nehem region.

Large crowds of Yemenis rallied in major cities Sunday, demanding the outgoing president be put on trial for the deaths of protesters.

The U.N. estimates that hundreds of protesters have been killed and thousands wounded since last February, when anti-government protests erupted across major cities.

Tens of thousands marched in the streets of Sanaa, chanting that Saleh “must stand before a judge.” Another large crowd of marchers echoed the chant in Taiz, Yemen’s second largest city.

Activist Fathi al-Hamadi said the “only place for Saleh to go to is the court dock.”

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Japan’s response to the nuclear crisis that followed the March 11 tsunami was confused and riddled with problems, including an erroneous assumption an emergency cooling system was working and a delay in disclosing dangerous radiation leaks, a report revealed Monday.

The disturbing picture of harried and bumbling workers and government officials scrambling to respond to the problems at Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant was depicted in the report detailing a government investigation.

The 507-page interim report, compiled by interviewing more than 400 people, including utility workers and government officials, found authorities had grossly underestimated tsunami risks, assuming the highest wave would be 6 meters (20 feet). The tsunami hit at more than double those levels.

The report criticized the use of the term “soteigai,” meaning “outside our imagination,” which it said implied authorities were shirking responsibility for what had happened. It said by labeling the events as beyond what could have been expected, officials had invited public distrust.

“This accident has taught us an important lesson on how we must be ready for soteigai,” it said.

The report, set to be finished by mid-2012, found workers at Tokyo Electric Power Co., the utility that ran Fukushima Dai-ichi, were untrained to handle emergencies like the power shutdown that struck when the tsunami destroyed backup generators _ setting off the world’s worst nuclear disaster since Chernobyl.

There was no clear manual to follow, and the workers failed to communicate, not only with the government but also among themselves, it said.

Finding alternative ways to bring sorely needed water to the reactors was delayed for hours because of the mishandling of an emergency cooling system, the report said. Workers assumed the system was working, despite several warning signs it had failed and was sending the nuclear core into meltdown.

The report acknowledged that even if the system had kicked in properly, the tsunami damage may have been so great that meltdowns would have happened anyway.

But a better response might have reduced the core damage, radiation leaks and the hydrogen explosions that followed at two reactors and sent plumes of radiation into the air, according to the report.

Sadder still was how the government dallied in relaying information to the public, such as using evasive language to avoid admitting serious meltdowns at the reactors, the report said.

The government also delayed disclosure of radiation data in the area, unnecessarily exposing entire towns to radiation when they could have evacuated, the report found.

The government recommended changes so utilities will respond properly to serious accidents.

It recommended separating the nuclear regulators from the unit that promotes atomic energy, echoing frequent criticism since the disaster.

Japan’s nuclear regulators were in the same ministry that promotes the industry, but they will be moved to the environment ministry next year to ensure more independence.

The report acknowledged people were still living in fear of radiation spewed into the air and water, as well as radiation in the food they eat. Thousands have been forced to evacuate and have suffered monetary damage from radiation contamination, it said.

“The nuclear disaster is far from over,” the report said.

The earthquake and tsunami left 20,000 people dead or missing.

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For the St. Louis economy, this year looked a lot like the previous 20 or 30, and it’s a rut we really need to get out of.

Job growth lagged the nation. Well-known local companies succumbed to takeovers, without enough new businesses to take their place. Officials argued about strategy while failing to address the region’s deep-seated problems.

Denny Coleman, the president of the St. Louis County Economic Council, has been sounding the alarm about these issues recently, ever since the council commissioned a report on the region’s economic strategy.

One headline from the report, written by consulting firm AECOM, is that within two decades, because of slow population growth, we’ll no longer be one of the 20 largest U.S. metropolitan areas. We’re currently No. 18.

That top-20 ranking automatically confers big-city status. National retail chains want to have a presence in the top 20 markets; advertisers target their messages there. Cities in the next tier are important, but they have to fight harder for attention.

Coleman believes AECOM’s warning should be a wake-up call.

“We have been living off the wealth creation from select legacy companies here for some time,” he said. “While we’ve created some new, significant wealth, the competition in other metro areas is outpacing us.”

Want to talk legacy companies? Savvis, Smurfit Stone Container, LaBarge and Rehabcare were all acquired this year. St. Louis ranks poorly on indicators of the entrepreneurial activity that can replace them with new firms.

Or should we talk jobs? Metro St. Louis officially added 7,800 jobs between October 2010 and October 2011, an increase of 0.6 percent. Howard Wall, an economist at Lindenwood University, thinks that number will be revised to show a loss of 3,900 jobs make quick cash.

Either way, St. Louis is a laggard. Nationally, employment grew by 1.2 percent in the same 12 months, twice as fast as the optimistic St. Louis estimate.

“Don’t we have this conversation every year?” Wall said when I asked about the sluggish local job market.

Yes, we do. And how do St. Louis’ leaders try to break out of this rut? For one thing, they spent years pursuing the “big idea” of a hub for Chinese cargo planes, only to have the Missouri Legislature shoot down the incentives that the plan required. It’s not a good precedent.

Recently, other rifts have been exposed. Mayor Francis Slay called for the Regional Chamber and Growth Association, a private-sector group, to cede its economic development duties to a joint city-county agency.

Coleman hasn’t gone quite so far, but he does accuse the RCGA of “mission creep.” As he sees it, the RCGA should concentrate on marketing the region and recruiting companies that want to expand or relocate.

The jobs of retaining local employers, encouraging startups and improving the work force, Coleman believes, should fall to agencies in each city or county. He says he was surprised when those showed up as objectives in the RCGA’s latest strategic plan. Coleman says he’s encouraged by the appointment of Joe Reagan as the new RCGA president. The region’s economic development structure “can work, but it’s a matter of making sure you have a clear separation of responsibilities,” Coleman says.

Slay, Reagan, Coleman and others clearly have plenty to discuss. Let’s hope they quickly get beyond turf wars.

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After nearly nine years, 4,500 American dead, 32,000 wounded and more than $800 billion, U.S. officials formally shut down the war in Iraq _ a conflict that U.S. Defense Secretary Leon Panetta said was worth the price in blood and money, as it set Iraq on a path to democracy.

Panetta stepped off his military plane in Baghdad Thursday as the leader of America’s war in Iraq, but will leave as one of many top U.S. and global officials who hope to work with the struggling nation as it tries to find its new place in the Middle East and the broader world.

More than 100,000 Iraqis have been killed since the U.S. invasion in 2003, according to the Iraq Body Count website. Bombings and gun battles are still common. And experts are concerned about the Iraqi security force’s ability to defend the nation against foreign threats.

Still, Panetta said earlier this week, the war “has not been in vain.”

Panetta and several other U.S. diplomatic, military and defense leaders participated Thursday in a symbolic ceremony during which the flag of U.S. Forces-Iraq was officially retired, or “cased,” according to Army tradition. The U.S. Forces-Iraq flag was furled _ or wrapped _ around a flagpole and covered in camouflage. It will be brought back to the United States.

“You will leave with great pride _ lasting pride,” Panetta told the troops. “Secure in knowing that your sacrifice has helped the Iraqi people to begin a new chapter in history.”

During a stop in Afghanistan this week, Panetta described the mission as “making that country sovereign and independent and able to govern and secure itself.”

That, he said, is “a tribute to everybody _ everybody who fought in that war, everybody who spilled blood in that war, everybody who was dedicated to making sure we could achieve that mission.”

Iraqi citizens offered a more pessimistic assessment. “The Americans are leaving behind them a destroyed country,” said Mariam Khazim of Sadr City. “The Americans did not leave modern schools or big factories behind them. Instead, they left thousands of widows and orphans.”

A member of the political coalition loyal to anti-American cleric Muqtada al-Sadr saw another message in the U.S. withdrawal. “The American ceremony represents the failure of the U.S. occupation of Iraq due to the great resistance of the Iraqi people,” said Sadrist lawmaker Amir al-Kinani.

Panetta echoed President Barack Obama’s promise that the U.S. plans to keep a robust diplomatic presence in Iraq, foster a deep and lasting relationship with the nation and maintain a strong military force in the region.

As of Thursday, there were two U.S. bases and about 4,000 U.S. troops in Iraq _ a dramatic drop from the roughly 500 military installations and as many as 170,000 troops during the surge ordered by President George W. Bush in 2007, when violence and raging sectarianism gripped the country. All U.S. troops are slated to be out of Iraq by the end of the year, but officials are likely to meet that goal a bit before then.

The total U.S. departure is a bit earlier than initially planned, and military leaders worry that it is a bit premature for the still maturing Iraqi security forces, who face continuing struggles to develop the logistics, air operations, surveillance and intelligence sharing capabilities they will need in what has long been a difficult neighborhood payday loans in 1 hour.

U.S. officials were unable to reach an agreement with the Iraqis on legal issues and troop immunity that would have allowed a small training and counterterrorism force to remain. U.S. defense officials said they expect there will be no movement on that issue until sometime next year.

Still, despite Obama’s earlier contention that all American troops would be home for Christmas, at least 4,000 forces will remain in Kuwait for some months. The troops will be able to help finalize the move out of Iraq, but could also be used as a quick reaction force if needed.

Obama met in Washington with Iraqi Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki earlier this week, vowing to remain committed to Iraq as the two countries struggle to define their new relationship. Ending the war was an early goal of the Obama administration, and Thursday’s ceremony will allow the president to fulfill a crucial campaign promise during a politically opportune time. The 2012 presidential race is roiling and Republicans are in a ferocious battle to determine who will face off against Obama in the election.

Panetta acknowledged the difficulties for Iraq in the coming years, as the country tries to find its footing.

“They’re going face challenges in the future,” Panetta said Wednesday during a visit with troops in Afghanistan. “They’ll face challenges from terrorism, they’ll face challenges from those that would want to divide their country. They’ll face challenges from just the test of democracy, a new democracy and trying to make it work. But the fact is, we have given them the opportunity to be able to succeed.”

The ceremony at Baghdad International Airport also featured remarks from Army Gen. Martin Dempsey, the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and Gen. Lloyd Austin, the top U.S. commander in Iraq.

Austin is leading the massive logistical challenge of shuttering hundreds of bases and combat outposts, and methodically moving more than 50,000 U.S. troops and their equipment out of Iraq over the last year _ while still conducting training, security assistance and counterterrorism battles.

The war “tested our military’s strength and our ability to adapt and evolve,” he said, noting the development of the new counterinsurgency doctrine.

Over the coming days, the final few thousand U.S. troops will leave Iraq in orderly caravans and tightly scheduled flights _ a marked contrast to the shock and awe that rocked the country on March 20, 2003, as the U.S. invasion began.

Saddam Hussein has been ousted, the reports of weapons of mass destruction largely laid to rest. And the future of a nascent democracy awaits.

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U.S. Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner got little down time during his three-day dash through Europe. But what sleep he did get was in some of Europe’s finest hotels.

U.S. officials justify the luxurious bookings by explaining that where Geithner stays is often dictated by security concerns. The U.S. embassy in each country recommends hotels considered acceptable for overnight stays by high-level government officials like Geithner who get Secret Service protection.

In Milan, the hotel of choice for Geithner’s stay was the Hotel Principe di Savoia. It’s a five-star hotel graced by a grand foyer.

The top-of-the line Presidential Suite was featured in the 2010 movie “Somewhere” by director Sofia Coppola. The movie, set in Milan, also displayed the hotel’s opulent swimming pool.

Geithner’s digs were far less plush than the “Somewhere” suite _ just a standard room with a sitting area for meetings. And instead of a swim, he began his day in the hotel exercise room, walking on the treadmill while reading the morning newspapers.

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To meet with national leaders and financial officials in five cities in three countries in three days, you need a little help getting around. That’s where a police-escorted motorcade comes in handy.

Geithner’s caravan of limousines and vans for staff and reporters drew police escorts in each city he visited.

It all worked well until Geithner’s entourage hit Marseilles right at rush hour. The road from the airport to a downtown hotel where Geithner was meeting Spanish Prime Minister-elect Mariano Rajoy Brey was jammed.

Still, not to worry. The motorcycle escorts simply squeezed between the two lanes of cars headed into town. The cars were forced to both sides of the road, clearing a path in the middle for the motorcade.

Geithner’s meeting Wednesday night lasted about 40 minutes. Then it was back to the motorcade for the return to the airport. At least by then, the roads had cleared considerably, and the motorcycle escort had less work to do guaranteed payday loans.

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So much for legendary German efficiency. On Geithner’s three-country trip, it was the Italians who shined most in arranging a glitch-free meeting with reporters. The Germans and French ran into more difficulty.

Of course, the Italians had arguably more at stake. Geithner’s appearance with reporters in Milan on Thursday followed a meeting with new Prime Minister Mario Monti. By contrast, the sessions in Germany and France involved only finance ministers.

The Italians managed to position a crush of journalists and 15 television cameras well before the session began.

In France, Geithner and Finance Minister Francois Baroin made statements to the press in Baroin’s office. The French supplied no translator. After the session, non-French-speaking journalists found a kindly official who translated Baroin’s remarks by listening to a tape recording of it.

In Germany, reporters, TV crews and photographers crammed near a stage in the German Finance Ministry. Reporters had no chairs and instead crouched on the floor with laptops. When officials decided to move the crowd back and supply chairs, shouting and jostling erupted as photographers struggled to keep the prime positions they’d staked out.

Still, from reporters’ vantage point, the Germans fared best in one key respect: Alone among officials in the three countries, they allowed at least a couple of questions from journalists.

The French and Italian events were designed to have Geithner, Baroin and Monti give statements but take no questions. Given the sensitivity of the markets to Europe’s debt crisis, officials in France and Italy probably didn’t want to risk having an answer (or non-answer) to a question panic investors.

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MEMC Electronic Materials Inc. will slash 1,300 jobs — almost 20 percent of its workforce — and cut production as it copes with plunging prices for polysilicon, the key raw material in solar wafers and semiconductors.

The O’Fallon, Mo.-based company will eliminate 250 U.S. jobs by next spring, including 70 of 830 positions at the company’s corporate headquarters in O’Fallon, spokesman Bill Michalek said. MEMC will idle a polysilicon plant in Merano, Italy, and may close it permanently. It will reduce capacity at a plant in Portland that it acquired last year; and limit the ramp up of its newest silicon wafer plant in Kuching, Malaysia.

Officials said the actions were necessary to align the scope of operations with fast-changing markets that have been increasingly defined by a flood of Chinese-made polysilicon and a slowdown in solar and semiconductor demand.

“It is clear we must adjust our business model,” Ahmad Chatila, MEMC’s chief executive, said on a conference call with analysts and investors. “We believe these actions will strengthen MEMC in the near term and position us for more profitable growth in our core businesses.”

MEMC expects the restructuring to reduce annual operating expenses by more than 15 percent and boost cash flow by $200 million a year.

Theodore O’Neill, a New York-based alternative energy analyst at Wunderlich Securities, said the actions were necessary. But he’s not convinced it will insulate the company from the polysilicon prices that continue to spiral downward.

“The company is doing what I think they have to do,” he said. “My concern is they’re chasing a rabbit down a hole.” On Thursday, O’Neill cut his rating on MEMC shares to “sell” from “buy” and lowered his price target on the stock to $3 from $11.

The polysilicon boom has gone bust in only a few years as manufacturers around the globe simultaneously raced to add production capacity. The result: Prices that topped $400 a kilogram in 2008 have fallen below $40. They have plunged 45 percent just this year.

Meanwhile, the solar energy market in Europe has suffered as subsidies have begun to dry up. And demand for semiconductors has waned, too. Unlike in past years when consumers snapped up LED televisions and iPads, “we don’t have any hot consumer electronic that’s pulling massive amounts of polysilicon through the sales channel,” O’Neill said.

MEMC isn’t alone among polysilicon producers. “Other vendors in the solar supply chain will be forced to take similar action” in 2012, an analyst at Gilford Securities predicted in a research note on Thursday.

Last month, the International Trade Commission agreed to investigate a complaint by seven solar manufacturers that Chinese competitors were dumping products to injure competitors by driving down prices. MEMC was not among them, and is part of a coalition that believes the case could spark a trade dispute and raise prices for the entire industry.

Low-priced Chinese solar products were also cited by California-based Solyndra Inc. in its September bankruptcy. The case has been scrutinized by Republicans in Congress because the company received a half-billion-dollar federal loan guarantee from the Obama administration.

But just as falling prices have hurt solar wafer producers, they have benefited consumers and generated business for U.S. solar installers such as Clayton-based Microgrid Energy, which has seen its volume of solar work triple from last year.

“Probably once a month we see prices come down,” said Marc Lopata, Microgrid’s president.

Lopata said costs for installed solar energy systems have fallen by about 25 percent from a year ago to $6 a watt or less, depending on the size. And with rebates and tax incentives, consumers are getting about 60 percent back.

MEMC said it will combine its struggling solar materials unit, where 45 percent of jobs are being eliminated, with its SunEdison solar development unit under a single management team at the end of the month to squeeze out efficiencies. In some instances, SunEdison will buy solar wafers from other manufacturers rather than use those made in-house.

The company said it will take charges totaling as much as $1.38 billion in the fourth quarter. More than half of the amount is related to the restructuring plan announced Thursday, with the rest a product of likely goodwill impairments and deteriorating business conditions.

Weak solar and semiconductor markets also prompted MEMC to lower its fourth-quarter earnings forecast by 5 cents to 10 cents a share, excluding the charges. The company said revenue could be $239 million less than expected as some of its SunEdsion sales in Europe could get pushed back to 2012.

Shares of MEMC, which had lost nearly two thirds of their value over the past year, fell sharply in early trading Thursday on the New York Stock Exchange but closed down just a penny at $4.20.

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They were lined up 300 deep before the store opened at 8 a.m.

Fans of Maple Leaf Gardens and Loblaws came to see how Canada

Fresh clashes between security forces and Egyptian protesters demanding the military step down broke out Saturday in front of the Cabinet building, leaving one man dead, as violence threatened to overshadow next week’s parliamentary elections.

Meanwhile, Field Marshal Hussein Tantawi, the head of the ruling military council that took power after Hosni Mubarak was ousted in February, met separately with opposition leader and Nobel Peace laureate Mohamed ElBaradei and presidential hopeful Amr Moussa, who was the former head of the Arab League. Egyptian state TV reported the meetings but gave no details.

The new prime minister, whose appointment by the military on Friday touched off a wave of anger among protesters accusing the army of trying to perpetuate the old regime, also held a series of meetings trying to sway youth groups to his side.

State TV said Prime Minister Kamal el-Ganzouri, who is unpopular in part because he served under Mubarak, offered Cabinet positions and is pondering the formation of an advisory council to be composed of leading democracy advocates and presidential hopefuls.

The suggestion however failed to disperse the protesters, with nearly 10,000 packing into Cairo’s central Tahrir Square as organizers called for another mass rally on Sunday.

Twenty-four protest groups, including two political parties, have announced they are creating their own “national salvation” government to be headed by ElBaradei with deputies from across the political spectrum to which they demanded the military hand over power.

ElBaradei said in a statement that he would be willing to form a such a government to manage the country’s transition, and that if he were officially asked to put a government together, he would give up the idea of running for president in order to focus on the current phase of transition.

Outside the Cabinet building, hundreds of protesters set up camp, spending the night in blankets and tents to prevent the 78-year-old el-Ganzouri from entering to take up his new post. Early Saturday, they clashed with security forces who allegedly tried to disperse them.

An Associated Press cameraman saw three police troop carriers and an armored vehicle firing tear gas as they were being chased from the site by rock-throwing protesters.

The man who was killed was run over by one of the vehicles, but there were conflicting accounts about the circumstances surrounding the death.

The Interior Ministry expressed regret for the death of the protester, identified as Ahmed Serour, and said it was an accident. Police didn’t intend to storm the sit-in but were merely heading to the Interior Ministry headquarters, located behind the Cabinet building, when they came under attack by angry protesters throwing firebombs, it said in a statement. The ministry claimed security forces were injured and the driver of one of the vehicles panicked and ran over the protester.

One of the demonstrators, Mohammed Zaghloul, 21, said he saw six security vehicles heading to their site.

“It became very tense, rock throwing started and the police cars were driving like crazy,” he said. “Police threw one tear gas canister and all of a sudden we saw our people carrying the body of a man who was bleeding really badly.”

Officials say more than 40 people have been killed across the country since Nov. 19, when the unrest began after a small sit-in by protesters injured during the 18-day uprising that ousted Mubarak was violently broken up by security forces. That sparked days of clashes, which ended with a truce on Thursday. It wasn’t clear whether the melee on Saturday was an isolated incident or part of fresh violence by security forces trying to clear the way for the new prime minister, and protesters frustrated by what they believe are the military’s efforts to perpetuate the old regime.

“El-Ganzouri was pulled out of his grave. He was a dead man,” said a 39-year-old employee Ahmad Anas as chants against the head of the military council filled the air outside the Cabinet building: “Tantawi and el-Ganzouri are choking me.” A banner hanging over the building gates read: “closed until execution of field marshal.”

El-Ganzouri served as prime minister under Mubarak between 1996 and 1999. His name has been associated with failed mega projects including Toshka, an ambitious and expensive scheme to divert Nile water at the southern tip of Egypt to create a second Nile Valley. The project has cost billions and barely gotten off the ground.

The military’s appointment of el-Ganzouri, along with its apology for the death of protesters and a series of partial concessions in the past two days suggest that the generals are struggling to overcome the most serious challenge to their nine-month rule, with fewer options now available to them.

Hala al-Kousy, a 37-year-protester, vowed that protesters will not leave the square until the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces, the formal name of the military’s ruling council, gives up power.

“They are willing to wait and so are we,” al-Kousy said.

Egypt’s first parliamentary elections since Mubarak was replaced by the military council are slated to begin Monday. The vote, which the generals say will be held on schedule despite the unrest, is now seen by many activists and protesters to be serving the military’s efforts to project an image of itself as the nation’s saviors and true democrats.

However, boycotting elections is a hard choice for many youth groups who rose up against Mubarak’s autocratic regime in hopes of ushering in democracy, fair and free elections. Others have been engaged in awareness campaigns or are fielding candidates. Many said that even if they vote, they will continue their sit-in.

Mohammed el-Qassas, one of the founders of The Egyptian Current party, which was born out of the revolution, described the general atmosphere, as “saddening,” but said he will vote just to “put my voice in the ballot.”

A member of another youth group, Injy Hamdi, 27, said “we will all go to the ballot boxes, vote and then come back to the square.”

Mohammed Abdel-Moneim, 38, said the protesters would not allow any election tampering, allegedly widespread during the past regime.

“We protect the ballot boxes with our bodies and lives if we have to. We fought hard for this right to vote,” he said.

The next parliament is expected to be dominated by the country’s most organized political force, the Muslim Brotherhood. The group decided to boycott the ongoing protests to keep from doing anything that could derail the election. However, the outcome of the vote is likely to be seen as flawed given the growing unrest and the suspension by many candidates of their campaigns in solidarity with the protesters.

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The worst week for the stock market in two months ended with a whimper in thin trading Friday.

The Dow Jones industrial average lost 4.8 percent this week, while the broader Standard & Poor’s 500 index fell 4.7 percent. Both had their worst weeks since Sept. 23.

Major indexes wavered throughout Friday’s session, which was shortened because it’s the day after Thanksgiving. Worries about Europe’s debt crisis flared up again after Italy had to pay 7.8 percent to borrow for two years at a debt auction. It’s another sign that investors are increasingly hesitant to lend to European countries.

The euro slipped to $1.32, losing 2 percent this week against the dollar. The drop puts the euro at its lowest level since Oct. 4.

Higher interest rates on government debt of Italy, Spain and other European countries have rattled stock markets in recent weeks. When borrowing costs climb above the 7 percent threshold, it deepens investor fears about a government’s ability to manage its debts. Greece, Ireland and Portugal had to seek financial lifelines when their interest rates crossed the same mark.

The Dow fell 25.77 points, or 0.2 percent, to close at 11,231.78. Of the Dow’s 30 stocks, Chevron Corp. lost 1.6 percent Friday, the biggest drop. Travelers Cos. Inc. added 1.2 percent, the largest gain.

The S&P 500 lost 3.12 points, or 0.3 percent, to 1,158.67. The Nasdaq composite dropped 18.57, or 0.8 percent, to close at 2,441.51.

Trading volume was 1.6 billion, less than half the daily average.

Markets were battered this week as governments in Europe and the U.S. struggle to tackle their debts. The Dow lost 248 points on Monday as a Congressional committee failed to reach a deal to cut federal budget deficits. It plunged 236 points Wednesday after investors balked at buying German government debt.

Retailers traded mixed on the Friday after Thanksgiving, the traditional start of the holiday shopping season and usually the busiest day of the year for retailers. Amazon.com Inc. dropped 3.5 percent. Wal-Mart Stores Inc. inched up 0.4 percent.

A record number of people were expected to show up at stores this weekend to take advantage of deep discounts. The National Retail Federation estimates that 152 million people will go shopping over the three days starting on Friday. That would be an increase of 10 percent from last year.

AT&T’s stock dipped less than 1 percent. The company said Thursday that it is budgeting to pay $4 billion in break-up fees if its attempted $39 billion takeover of T-Mobile USA from Deutsche Telekom falls apart.

Four stocks fell for every three that rose on the New York Stock Exchange.

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Singapore warned Monday that its economy will likely suffer a sharp slowdown next year as export demand from developed countries wanes.

Gross domestic product growth will probably drop to between 1 percent and 3 percent in 2012 from 5 percent this year, the Trade and Industry Ministry said.

“Singapore’s externally oriented sectors such as electronics and wholesale trade will continue to perform poorly,” the ministry said in a statement. “Although resilient domestic demand in emerging Asia will provide some support to global demand, it will not fully mitigate the effects of an economic slowdown in the advanced economies.”

Singapore, an island of 5.1 million people off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, relies on exports, finance and tourism to maintain one of the world’s highest levels of GDP per head.

Because of its high reliance on trade, Singapore is often a bellwether for the rest of Asia.

The economy grew 6.1 percent in the third quarter from a year ago and a seasonally-adjusted annualized 1.9 percent from the previous quarter, the ministry said.

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